20.11

 introduction to the film industry 

what is the purpose of any media product - to make money

film is a specialised institution - one thing and it does it well

roundhay garden scene from 1888 is the earliest surviving film
cinemas didnt exist - first opened in 1907

(1895) lumiere brothers film
single take

operating like a factory hollywood films were made and still made in warehouses and offices. make using industrialised labour of a variety of specialised production techniques - occurs on a both narrative and industrial level

director, producer, editor, stuntdouble, costume designer, 

Hollywood- lots of space, had little rain and lots of hours of sun everyday

classical hollywood cinema- cinema as a production line

many early films were pornographic 

classical hollywood narrative - a standard hollywood story
classical narrative cinema -bordwell 1985
emphasis of spatial continuity - audience know where they are at any time
temporal continuity -  always knows in what order the events have transpired, and any flashbacks and so forth with be clearly signposted
film must be realistic -  must not make reference to other filmic or popular texts

film is a specialised industry 


vertical/horizontal integration 

the studio system

conglomeration - a company with many other companies working underneath it

exhibition - process of showing

convergence

distribution - sharing / putting something else

digital technologies - anything that involves computers

regulation - rules and restrictions that every product needs to follow

production - the process of making films


David hesmondalgh - the cultural industries 
- conflict between art and industry 

horizontal integration - where a company buys other companies in the same sector to reduce the competition for audiences

vertical integration - where a company buys up other companies involved in different stages of the production and circulation 

conglomeration - consists of a group of businesses dealing in different products or services -  process of a conglomerate being formed


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