20.10

 unconventional representation of masculinity

intertextuality : where one media product makes reference to another media product

pot noodle advert (you can make it) & a montage


white, working class northern teenagers
-his accent
associations - drinking, poor,
- council estate
- mise-en-scene of the setting of the deserted train yard is a intertextual reference to rocky, also anchors the audience into thinking he is poor

-desaturated colours to saturated scene of vegas
- gentle music cuts off to lively cars - binary opposition 
- cuts back to north of england - negative assumption - grandpa is scruffy, overweight eating a pot noodle; stereotypical working class meal eating pot noodle, suggests they are poor
-baseball caps- unclean?
-cut to and from vegas, from saturated colours to unsaturated
-reaction - reaction shot - anchor us into thinking/reacting the same -surprised and excited

-reaction shot - black man represented, the only non white person featured in the ad - could be a rapper (big chains, big sparkly glasses)
-proairetic code suggesting he fancies the guy - emphasises the negative stereotype of being sexual deviants - always looking for sex
- supposed to laugh as an audience
- binary opposition of a man dressed up as a ring girl

- impact on working class people - if you eat a pot noodle you can be whatever you want, accept how other people see you

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Feminist approaches to understanding advertising

die another day (2002)
POV shot
voyerism 
lots of cuts 
pronounciation of mojito - creepy?
positioned as james bond - a man 
target audience of straight men


The male gaze theory
- the assumption that every media product is constructed exclusively for heterosexual men to look at

john berger - men act, women appear 

two different gaze:
intradiegetic gaze - where a character looks at another character
extradiegetic gaze- where the audience looks at another character
-both potentially voyeristic in pleasure

Liesbet van zoonen - feminist theory 
-men's bodies and women's bodies are encoded in completely different ways in media products, and constructed through media language
-additionally, women's bodies are used as a spectacle to sell media products. therefore there is an assumption that the audience is always, without exception, a heterosexual man



- target audience as straight women
- direct mode of address "you"
- appealing to heterosexual women to live up to the standards of the male gaze and heterosexual men
- suggests you have to look exactly like how it is being advertised

sexualisation  - making something sexual 
objectification - dehumanising something to the point of where they are an object
subjugation - to push someone down, neglect their thoughts etc 


hegemony - where one group wields power over another, not through domination, but through coercion and consent


hegemonically sexually attractive

cultural hegemony eg brushing your teeth, wearing clean clothes etc



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